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nvr/Vissie uvufwrof? iif. M Edmandllzklanz Afro/Mfrs "Umain-in sunrise PATENT onnron No'. GOSH-1:1.

Specification' of LettertPatent'.

Patented' Dec. 8, 1908.

Application mea october n, ism. sei-mnd. seem Toa all 'whom 'it 'nw/yf concern:

Beit known.- that l, EDMoNn-ELIELsNTz, a. citizen-of. the Republic of France, residing in- Paris, Seine, France, manufacturer,. have inventedcertein new and useful Im rovements in Shock-Absorbers for Vebic es, of which invention the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Shock-absorbers hithertolmownall ossess raveV inconveniences, among whic may citedin particular (leaving aside shockabsorbers containing. liquid or compressed air and therefore subject to leakage); the hard riding` of the carriage; the shearing of the suspension springs; the frustration of their usefull effect or sensitiveness; the necessity for continually adiusting the sus enslon by reason of the weer of the lriction lparte.; theimpossibility. of applying them to, ea vehicles.; further, none of'them is. adjustab e for. thel varia-ble strength of s which may consistof from five. to. twe ve plates.

The system of shock-absorber which is the object of this invention is intended to avoid these inconveniences; it allows of all displacements and works in the same manner in all positions, even completely turned over; it is adapted to all kinds of vehicles 'and can be regulated for all suspension' springs whatever be their strength.

The invention is shown by way of exampleupon the annexed drawings, in. Which- Figure 1 is s. view' in elevationshowing the cushioning device in. place upon a. carriage in the working position. Fig. 2 is the cor-- responding side view thereof. F ig. 3 is. a vertical section on line 3-3 of 4 showing the shock absorber in: two different Working positions. Fig. 4 is a. view in horizontal section on line 4--4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is s. plan view of the upper art ofFig.1. 6 shows a modification oi) the liber Wearing-piece. F ig. 7 shows in elevation, partsection, a modiiied construction of the new shock-absorber and Fig. S is the corresponding side view.

With regard to Figs. 1- to 5., A desig'lmtes the chassis of the carriage, nl n. suspension spring and al the axle (Fig. 1l. The shock absorber-is composed essentially of two longitudinnl members B, preferably hollow, of s universal: joint C (Figs. 1, 2, and 5), of a. runner D having.- {iber weuringpieces, and of a separator E. As shownin ig. 2, themembers B are' duplicated and separated by a space b. The shockfabsorber is renderedfast tothe c A by the pmor axle c of the universal joint. and: to the suspension slging a by the axle. or pin d ofthe runnerV Df.

e separator Ecomprises a, spring e threadedon af sleeve e1 in which can slide, within certain: limits, by the aid of a pin and a groove (not represented), a, rod e. The lon- 'tudinal members B have at each oftheir ower extremities, a.: socket F forming auprejection exteorly, and furnished inte-norly with two tubular-nil ples fast to thesaid sockets and traverse by oli-,sf1 which also pass through openings for the purpose in the rod ez and the. sleeve el; the extremities of the spring e bear upon the npplesf and the sald spring. tends constantly to increase the angle of the members Bu on which bear the fiber Wearing piecesG". he.- runner which-.is provided with these: wes-ring pieces, to the number of four, say two. to eachpair of dnplicated longitudinal members, comprises also two levers I, the one with a, fork or female part el and the other with a.. male part 'ointed uponV the axle or in d and acted on y the springt whichis ed at its two extremities to the hooks g1. The leversI are traversed at their outer extremity b a bolt g each forming the axle of n pair o wearing pieces G. These last are eccentric in such a. way that they are: capable of. Wedgng uction upon. the longitudinal members and the axles g are linked or made fast together by the bsrsH recessed at h; the holes h* in the bars H. through which the axles g pass, are slightly elongated witha viewtoprocuring s. certain amount of lay in relation to that of the levers I, and the spring 'i is intended to take up the wear in the wea-ring pieces. According to the space available, the shock-absorber can be placed to the right or the left of the axle or in any other suitable position, provided it be connected on the one hand to the chassis by a universal joint allowingr all displacements to be followed in every direction of the body of the carriage relatively to the suspension spring and connected on the other hand, to this latter by the moving art or runner forming' at brake- From the 'oregoin .it results that thc cushioning of the hrc 1s in proportion to the violence of this at er.

For efeeble shock, the cone of the longitudinal membersfBremuinsclosed und that of' takes place normally owing to the jointed levers I o en' their useful effect without risk of shearing.

the levers I worlrs almost alone. The rise of the runner takes place almost instantaneously, leaving to the suspension spring of the carnage all its sensitxveness and suppleness. In a gentle shock as xn a violentone, therrse and the ber wearing pieces G only sli a ong the longitudinal members, aided b t e cone of these latter which open under t 1e action of their spring e. On the descent the angle of the levers I tends to close, the wearing pieces G a. ply themselves in a wedn' manner to t e longitudinal members rliilgact as brakes; they undergo a greater strain having at the same tune to re close the cone of the lon itndinal members. The more violent the s ook the more the braking eilect is accentuated and although the weer of the parts G is small it is automatically taken up, es has been stated, by the s ring fi. 0n the other hand, as it 1s easy to c oose for each shock-absorber c spring e in roportion to the suspension springs c. the atter can be caused to ah'ord the whole of Besides, Fig. 7 represents a method of tensioning the spring e of the separator which enables the strength of this sprlng to be altered at will relatively to the strength ot the suspension spring, *hat is to say relatively to the weight of the vehicle to which the shockabsorber is applied, and this has for advantage to allow the shock absorber to be used for any kind of vehicle without changing the spring. In order t0 atta-in this adjustable tension of the. spring e the solid guide rod e2 of F igs. 1 to 3 is replaced by o. hollow rod ce screw-threaded at e3 in which engages a screw e* (Fig. 7). The head of 'the screw maintains in position a metal washer e5 against which bears the extremity of a sleeve e; in this sleeve e are formed two slides or slots e? through which passes the transverse rod f2. One end of the spring e bears against the rod f and the other afainst the shoulder eu of the sleeve c.

In order to impari. more or less tension to the spring e, it is sufficientto screw up more or less the stud e4 in the hollow rod e2 which thus compresses the spri e to n greater or less extent by the interme ary ofthe washer e5 and of the sleeve e upon which this spring heals. The shock absorber may also be furnished with a lubricating device preventing heating of the different parts of which it is composed, in particular of the longitudinal members upon which the fiber wearingpieces slide. This lubricatiruy device Inajwv consist of a grease cup K (Pigs. 7 and 8) placed at the top of the members B in the ollow provided by a U-iron forming these members; this cup K is fitted with n tube k of which the outer enlarged extremity is threaded. A cap k is screwed upon this outer part und n washer k2 held by a spring k against the ca" prevents this latter from turmngfreel rom the lower part of the cup chamber proceed two ipcs or passages k which are laced within t 1e hollow longitudinal mem ers and these deliver each at b2 b' upon the same parts orfaces of the longi tudinal member upon which slide the Wearin ieces G of the runner D.

e lubricant is introduced in and bythe hollow cap k1 and a greater or less quantity thereof passes into t e chamber K and into the tubes k according to the extent to which the cap 1r:1 is screwed up on the tube k. Further, it is not always necessary to touch the cap k to deliver lubricant on to the members B; the apparatus as it gets hot causes the grease to melt which then of itself runs out.

Fig. 6 shows a modification in the wearing iece G constructed in such a manner as to lave a projection r13 and a cut-away portion g2 for the purpose of preventing the wearing ieee from becominU inverted at the rear or eing turned over, dblio' it thus to remain contlnually in contact wit the corresponding longitudinal member. Instead ot this arrangement, abutments or stops may be Jformed by the ln ping or Hanging of n portion of the bars I 'these stops preventing the inversion of the wearing pieces G, are formed upon the plates H H at a suitable height, and their upper corners are bent over at a. right anvle towards the interior at l. and engage alitt e above the wearing pieces G so as to leave. the latter o certain amount of plav (Figs. 7 and 8).

In the shock absorber illustrated in Fi-Us. 7 and 8, the tubes F are dispensed with and relaced by the prolongation l1" of the mem ers B jointed with a U-shnpe; further the abutments or stops l formed by the central piece upon which the members B are jointed, are placed out-side these joints inst-end of being placed between the two axes as in Fig. l. Finall one can shelter each shock absorber from ust und mud by inclosing it in a casing or cover.

IIa-ving now particularly described und es certained the nature of my seid u'wentiml and in what manner the sume is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is z- 1. In n shock absorber for carriages, the combination of two longitudinal opening members B ivotu-lly connected nt one of their extremities with the chassis A of thc carriage, and a runner l) comprising sentirme yieldingly connected together und slidably mounted on said members, said runner cnrrying wearing-pieces und connected to the suspension spring a. of the carriage, so that the displacements of this latter, under the influence of external shot-ks, efloct the rise und the descent of the runner D forming n brake on the longitudinal members.

2. In n. shock-absorber for carriages, the combination of two longitudinal opening members B pivotall connected at one of l said runner carrying wearing-pieces and coii their extremities wit the chassis A of the l nected tothe suspension spring a of the carcarriage by a universal 'oint C, and a runner D com rising pivote and spring' pressed sections s idably mounted on the longitudinal members, said runner carrying wearing-pieces and connected to the suspension spring c of the carriage, so that the displacements of this latter, under the iniluence of external shocks, effect the rise and the descent of the runner D forming a brake on the longitudinal members.

3. In a shock-absorber for carriages, the combination of a pair of hollow longitudinal members B fixed at one of their extremities to the chassis A of the carriage by e. umversal joint C and having an automatic separator E fixed to the opposite extremity of the universal joint and tending to open the cone of the members B, upon which slides a runner D carrying wearing-pieces und connected to the sus iension spring aof t-he carriage, so that the 'isplacements of this latter, under the influence of external shocks, efifect the rise and the descent of the runner D forming a brake on the lo oitudinal members.

4. In a shock-a sorber for carriages, the combination of a pair of hollow longitudinal members B, fixed at one of their extremities to the chassis A of the carriage, upon which slides a runner D carrying wearing pieces G set out of center and producingI a wedging ellect on the members B, and connected to the springs a of the carriage.

5. In a shock-absorber for carriages, the combination of a pair of hollow longitudinal members B, fixed at one of their extremities to the chassis A of the carriage, upon which slides a. runner D carrying wearing pieces G set out of center and producing a Wedginv' effecton the members B, and two levers jointed upon the axle d of the runner D which connects the apparat-us to the springs a, with a recall-spring i, fixed to the free extremities of the levers l in order to take up automaticalljr the small weer in the 11i\-'earinpiec.es G.

6. In a shock-absorber for carriages, the combination of a pair of hollow longitudinal members B, fixed at one of their extremities to the chassis A of the carriage, upon which slides a runner D carrying wearing pieces G set out of center and producing a wedging effect on the members B, and two levers I jointed upon the axle d ofthe runner D which connects the apparatus to the springs a, with a. recall-spring i fixed to the free extremities of the levers I in order to take up automaticallj: the small wear in the wearing-pieces G maintained by transverse bars H which afford elongated assage holes kl for the axles g.

7. ln a shoe absorber for carriages, the combination of two longitudinal members B j ivot-allv connected at one of their extremitieswitli the chassis A o the carriage, a runnel' D slidably mounted on the sind members,

riage, so that the displacement-s of this latter, under the influence of external shocks,

effect the rise and the descent of the runner D forming a brake on the longitudinal meinbcrs, and the automatic lubricating device i, c, l for lubricating the longitudinal inemers.

8. In a shock absorber for carriages, the combination of two longitudinal opening members B ivotiill)r connected at one of their extremities with the chassis A of the carriage, a. runner D slidabl mounted on the longitudinal members, sai runner carrying Wearing-pieces and connected to the susension spring a of the carriage, so that the isplacements of this latter, under the influence of external shocks, effect the rise and the descent of the runner D ormjn a brake on the longitudinal members, an a separator E bet-Ween the longitudinal members and comprising an adjustable spring e.

9. In a shock absorber for carriages, the combination of two longitudinal opening members B pivotally connected at one of their extremities with the chassis A of the carriage, a runner D slidably mounted on the longitudinal members, said runner carrying wearmg-pieces and connected to the sus nsion spring a of the carriage, so that the displacements of this latter, under the influence of external shocks, eiect the rise and the de scent of the runner D forming a brake on the longitudinal members, the automatic lubricatmo device K, 7:4, 1c* for the longitudinal members, and a separator E between the said members and comprising the adjustable spring e.

10. In a shockabsorber for carri ves, the

combination of a air of hollow longitudinal members B, fixe at one of their extremities to the chassis A of the carriage, upon which slides a. runner D carrying wearing pieces G set out of center and roducing a wedging eiect on the members g3, and two levers l jointed upon the axle d of the runner D which connects the apparatus to the springs a, with a recall-s ring i fixed to the free extremities of the evers I, in order to take up automatically the small wear in the wearing-pieces G maintained by transverse bars H which afford elongated passage holes h1 for the axles g and stops h intended to prevent the inversion of the wearing-pieces G.

11. In a shock absorber for vehicles, pivoted and spring pressed longitudinal members, adapted to be secured to one part of thc vehicle, and a runner slidably mounted on the said members and ada teil to be secured to another part of the ve iicle, said runner comprising sections yieldingly connect-ed togather.

12. In a shock absorber for vel1icles,piv oted and spring pressed longitudinal members adapted-to be secured to one part ofthe name to this specification, in the presence of vehicle, and a runner shdabl `mounted on two subscribing witnesses.

the said members and ada to be seeured to another part of the ve 'ple, said runner EDMOND. ELIE LANTL' I5 comprising pivoted land.spr1ng pressed sec- Witnesses:

tiene` carrying wearing pieces. CHARLES Donar,

In testimony whereof I have signed my Il GUsTAvE DUMONT. 

